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图腾与禁忌_西格蒙德.弗洛伊德(302) 第(2/8)页

Whytheemotionalattitudetowardsrulersshouldcontainsuchastrongunconsciousshareofhostilityisaveryinterestingproblemwhich, however, -complex; , afterashortreign, weredestinedtobesacrificedatsolemnfestivalsasrepresentativesofthedeity; butFrazerhimselfdoesnotconsiderhisfactsaltogetherconvincing[66].Christianmythsaresaidtohavebeenstillinfluencedbytheafter-effectsofthisevolutionofkings.

(C) THETABOOOFTHEDEAD

Weknowthatthedeadaremightyrulers: wemaybesurprisedtolearnthattheyareregardedasenemies.

Amongmostprimitivepeoplethetabooofthedeaddisplays, ifwemaykeeptoourinfectionanalogy, , intheconsequenceswhichresultfromcontactwiththedead, , becameextremelyuncleanandwasalmostcutofffromintercoursewithhisfellowbeings; hewas, aswesay, , , , withhislipsandteeth, , , ostracizedbysociety, whosewretchedexistencedependeduponpeople’’-beings, allthedisheswhichhehadusedduringthedangerousperiodwerebrokenandallhisclothingwasthrownaway.

ThetaboocustomsafterbodilycontactwiththedeadarethesamealloverPolynesia, inMelanesia, andinapartofAfrica; theirmostconstantfeatureistheprohibitionagainsthandlingone’, orperhapsonlyinHawaii[67], ’; butifhewashimselfachief, hewasuncleanforonlythree, four, orfivemonths, accordingtotherankofthedeceased; , thataccordingtotheopinionofanobserver, theyhaveneveryetdaredtoconvincethemselvesofthecontrary[68].


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