, , , whereGerhardGroot, abrilliantgraduateoftheuniversitiesofParis, CologneandPrague, andfamousasawanderingpreacher, , , , hadputhislittlebundleofbooksuponhisback, hadwanderedtoZwolleandwithasighofreliefhehadclosedthedooruponaturbulentworldwhichdidnotattracthim.
JOHNHUSS
Thomaslivedinanageofturmoil, , inBohemia, thedevoteddisciplesofJohannusHuss, thefriendandfollowerofJohnWycliffe, theEnglishreformer, wereavengingwithaterriblewarfarethedeathoftheirbelovedleaderwhohadbeenburnedatthestakebyorderofthatsameCouncilofConstance, whichhadpromisedhimasafeconductifhewouldcometoSwitzerlandandexplainhisdoctrinestothePope, theEmperor, twenty-threecardinals, thirty-threearchbishopsandbishops, onehundredandfiftyabbotsandmorethanahundredprincesanddukeswhohadgatheredtogethertoreformtheirchurch.
Inthewest, 'sthroats, engageduponastruggleoflifeanddeathforthesupremacyofwesternEurope.
Inthesouth, aPopeatRomewascallingthecursesofHeavendownuponasecondPopewhoresidedatAvignon, insouthernFrance, .
THECATHEDRAL
Butofallthis, "hemightquietlyspendhisdayssittinginalittlecornerwithalittlebook."
, withthehumanistsloudlyproclaimingthecomingofmoderntimes, , straightforwardandhonestmen, bytheexampleoftheirblamelessanddevoutlives, "expression" hadbegun.
HereandnowletmesaythatIamsorrythatImustusesomany "bigwords." (andinalllife) ?
WhenIsaythattheRenaissancewasaneraofexpression, Imeanthis: "expression" , NiccoloMacchiavelli, thenhe "expressed" , he "expressed" hisloveforbeautifullinesandlovelycoloursinthepictureswhichhavemadethenamesofGiotto, FraAngelico, Rafaelandathousandothershouseholdwordswhereverpeoplehavelearnedtocareforthosethingswhichexpressatrueandlastingbeauty.
THEMANUSCRIPTANDTHEPRINTEDBOOK
Ifthisloveforcolourandlinehappenedtobecombinedwithaninterestinmechanicsandhydraulics, theresultwasaLeonardodaVinci, whopaintedhispictures, experimentedwithhisballoonsandflyingmachines, drainedthemarshesoftheLombardianplainsand "expressed" hisjoyandinterestinallthingsbetweenHeavenandEarthinprose, inpainting, , likeMichaelAngelo, foundthebrushandthepalettetoosoftforhisstronghands, heturnedtosculptureandtoarchitecture, , themostconcrete "expression" .
AllItaly (andverysoonallofEurope) , inthecityofMainz, JohannzumGansefleisch, commonlyknownasJohannGutenberg, , , butthe "expression" ofhisparticularinventivegeniuslivedafterhim.
SoonAldusinVeniceandEtienneinParisandPlantininAntwerpandFrobeninBaselwerefloodingtheworldwithcarefullyeditededitionsoftheclassicsprintedintheGothiclettersoftheGutenbergBible, orprintedintheItaliantypewhichweuseinthisbook, orprintedinGreekletters, orinHebrew.
, , VirgilandHoraceandPliny, allthegoodlycompanyoftheancientauthorsandphilosophersandscientists, offeredtobecomeman'.
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