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人类的故事_房龙(52. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION) 第(2/7)页

Asfashionsinmodesofthoughtandpersonalbehaviourarequiteaslikelytoruntoextremesasfashionindress, itwasnaturalthatthemostartificialsocietyofthatdayshouldtakeatremendousinterestinwhattheyconsidered "thesimplelife." Thekingandthequeen, theabsoluteandunquestionedproprietorsofthiscountrygalledFrance, togetherwithallitscoloniesanddependencies, , theircourtiersdancedattendance, theircourt-musicianscomposedlovelyminuets, theircourtbarbersdevisedmoreandmoreelaborateandcostlyheadgear, untilfromsheerboredomandlackofrealjobs, thiswholeartificialworldofVersailles (thegreatshowplacewhichLouisXIVhadbuiltfarawayfromhisnoisyandrestlesscity) talkedofnothingbutthosesubjectswhichwerefurthestremovedfromtheirownlives, justasamanwhoisstarvingwilltalkofnothingexceptfood.

WhenVoltaire, thecourageousoldphilosopher, playwright, historianandnovelist, andthegreatenemyofallreligiousandpoliticaltyranny, begantothrowhisbombsofcriticismateverythingconnectedwiththeEstablishedOrderofThings, , (aboutwhomheknewaslittleashedidaboutthechildren, uponwhoseeducationhewastherecognisedauthority,) allFrancereadhis "SocialContract" andthissocietyinwhichthekingandthestatewereone, weptbittertearswhentheyheardRousseau'sappealforareturntotheblesseddayswhentherealsovereigntyhadlaininthehandsofthepeopleandwhenthekinghadbeenmerelytheservantofhispeople.


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