Nottospeakofthefactthatnodescriptionofthecollectiveactivityofmencandowithouttheconceptionofpower, theexistenceofpowerisprovedbothbyhistoryandbyobservingcontemporaryevents.
Wheneveraneventoccursamanappearsormenappear, .
Thehistorians, inaccordwiththeoldhabitofacknowledgingdivineinterventioninhumanaffairs, wanttoseethecauseofeventsintheexpressionofthewillofsomeoneendowedwithpower, butthatsuppositionisnotconfirmedeitherbyreasonorbyexperience.
Ontheonesidereflectionshowsthattheexpressionofaman'swill—hiswords—areonlypartofthegeneralactivityexpressedinanevent, asforinstanceinawarorarevolution, andsowithoutassuminganincomprehensible, supernaturalforce—amiracle—, evenifweadmittedthatwordscouldbethecauseofevents, historyshowsthattheexpressionofthewillofhistoricalpersonagesdoesnotinmostcasesproduceanyeffect, thatistosay, theircommandsareoftennotexecuted, andsometimestheveryoppositeofwhattheyorderoccurs.
Withoutadmittingdivineinterventionintheaffairsofhumanitywecannotregard "power" asthecauseofevents.
Power, fromthestandpointofexperience, ismerelytherelationthatexistsbetweentheexpressionofsomeone'swillandtheexecutionofthatwillbyothers.
Toexplaintheconditionsofthatrelationshipwemustfirstestablishaconceptionoftheexpressionofwill, referringittomanandnottotheDeity.
IftheDeityissuesacommand, expressesHiswill, asancienthistorytellsus, theexpressionofthatwillisindependentoftimeandisnotcausedbyanything, , toexplaintheconnectionofcommandswitheventswemustrestore: (1) theconditionofallthattakesplace: thecontinuityofmovementintimebothoftheeventsandofthepersonwhocommands, and (2) theinevitabilityoftheconnectionbetweenthepersoncommandingandthosewhoexecutehiscommand.
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