Thoughtheancientfeudalsystemswerenot, strictlyspeaking, confederacies, , chieftain, orsovereign, whoseauthorityextendedoverthewholenation; andanumberofsubordinatevassals, orfeudatories, whohadlargeportionsoflandallottedtothem, andnumeroustrainsofINFERIORvassalsorretainers, whooccupiedandcultivatedthatlanduponthetenureoffealtyorobedience, , , , eithertopreservethepublicpeace, , thetimesoffeudalanarchy.
Whenthesovereignhappenedtobeamanofvigorousandwarliketemperandofsuperiorabilities, hewouldacquireapersonalweightandinfluence, whichanswered, forthetime, , thepowerofthebaronstriumphedoverthatoftheprince; andinmanyinstanceshisdominionwasentirelythrownoff, , , ornobles, equallytheenemiesofthesovereignandtheoppressorsofthecommonpeople, weredreadedanddetestedbyboth; , byaconductofclemencyandjustice, preservedthefidelityanddevotionoftheirretainersandfollowers, thecontestsbetweenthemandtheprincemustalmostalwayshaveendedintheirfavor, andintheabridgmentorsubversionoftheroyalauthority.
, , atanearlyday, introducedintothatkingdom, unitingthenoblesandtheirdependantsbytiesequivalenttothoseofkindred, renderedthearistocracyaconstantovermatchforthepowerofthemonarch, tilltheincorporationwithEnglandsubdueditsfierceandungovernablespirit, andreduceditwithinthoserulesofsubordinationwhichamorerationalandmoreenergeticsystemofcivilpolityhadpreviouslyestablishedinthelatterkingdom.
Theseparategovernmentsinaconfederacymayaptlybecomparedwiththefeudalbaronies; withthisadvantageintheirfavor, thatfromthereasonsalreadyexplained, theywillgenerallypossesstheconfidenceandgood-willofthepeople, andwithsoimportantasupport, , applicabletoboth, andintheCONCENTRATIONoflargeportionsofthestrengthofthecommunityintoparticularDEPOSITORIES, inonecaseatthedisposalofindividuals, intheothercaseatthedisposalofpoliticalbodies.
Aconcisereviewoftheeventsthathaveattendedconfederategovernmentswillfurtherillustratethisimportantdoctrine; aninattentiontowhichhasbeenthegreatsourceofourpoliticalmistakes, .
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