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天演论_(英)托马斯·赫胥黎(12.) 第(1/3)页

Undertheprecedingheads, Ihaveendeavouredtorepresentinbroad, butIhopefaithful, outlinestheessentialfeaturesofthestateofnatureandofthatcosmicprocessofwhichitistheoutcome, sofaraswasneedfulformyargument; Ihavecontrastedwiththestateofnaturethestateofart, producedbyhumanintelligenceandenergy, asitisexemplifiedbyagarden; andIhaveshownthatthestateofart,hereandelsewhere, , Ihavepointedoutthatthe "horticulturalprocess," whichthussetsitselfagainstthe "cosmicprocess" isopposedtothelatterinprinciple, insofarasittendstoarrestthestruggleforexistence, byrestrainingthemultiplicationwhichisoneofthechiefcausesofthatstruggle, andbycreatingartificialconditionsoflife, ,thoughtheprogressivemodification, whichistheconsequenceofthestruggleforexistenceinthestateofnature, isatanend, suchmodificationmaystillbeeffectedbythatselection, inviewofanidealofusefulness, orofpleasantness, toman, ofwhichthestateofnatureknowsnothing.


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