Thatprogressivemodificationofcivilizationwhichpassesbythenameofthe "evolutionofsociety," is, infact, aprocessofanessentiallydifferentcharacter, bothfromthatwhichbringsabouttheevolutionofspecies,inthestateofnature, andfromthatwhichgivesrisetotheevolutionofvarieties, inthestateofart.
, hasbeenaccompaniedbyanymodificationofthephysical, orthemental, , andbehold, nowisedarkly, thepresentmentofourselves.
Duringthesethreecenturies, fromthereignofElizabethtothatofVictoria, thestruggleforexistencebetweenmanandmanhasbeensolargelyrestrainedamongthegreatmassofthepopulation (exceptforoneortwoshortintervalsofcivilwar), thatitcanhavehadlittle, orno, , , insofarasbyputtingtodeathorbysubjectingtolongperiodsofimprisonment, thosewhoinfringeitsprovisions, preventsthepropagationofhereditarycriminaltendencies; andthepoorlaw, insofarasitseparatesmarriedcouples, whosedestitutionarisesfromhereditarydefectsofcharacter,; and, generally, , crimeandpauperismhavenothingtodowithheredity; butaretheconsequence,partly, ofcircumstancesand, partly, ofthepossessionofqualities, which, underdifferentconditionsoflife,, indiscussingsewageproblems, remarkedthatdirtisrichesinthewrongplace; -handedgenerositywhichadornarichman, maymakeapauperofapoorone;theenergyandcouragetowhichthesuccessfulsoldieroweshisrise, thecoolanddaringsubtletytowhichthegreatfinancieroweshisfortune, mayveryeasily, underunfavourableconditions, leadtheirpossessorstothegallows, , itisfairlyprobablethatthechildrenofa "failure" , whotalksofreelyaboutextirpatingtheunfit, , onemustbevery "fit,"indeed, nottoknowofanoccasion, orperhapstwo, inone'slife, whenitwouldhavebeenonlytooeasytoqualifyforaplaceamongthe "unfit.
Inmybelieftheinnatequalities, physical, intellectual,andmoral, (andIdoubtit) ithasbeen, indirectly, throughourmilitaryandindustrialwarswithothernations.
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