[7] , inthemostancientmythologies, onefindstheexpressionofaduality — : itwasnotdependentuponanyempiricalfacts.ItisrevealedinsuchworksasthatofGranet12onChinesethoughtandthoseofDumézil13ontheEastIndiesandRome.ThefeminineelementwasatfirstnomoreinvolvedinsuchpairsasVaruna-Mitra14, Uranus15-Zeus, Sun-Moon, andDay-NightthanitwasinthecontrastsbetweenGoodandEvil, luckyandunluckyauspices, rightandleft, .
[8] , thatisenoughtomakevaguelyhostile “others” -towneyesallpersonsnotbelongingtothevillageare “strangers” andsuspects; tothenativeofacountryallwhoinhabitothercountriesare “foreigners”; Jewsare “different”fortheanti-Semite, Negroesare “inferior” forAmericanracists, aboriginesare “natives” forcolonists, proletariansarethe “lowerclass” fortheprivileged.
[9] Lévi-Strauss17, attheendofaprofoundworkonthevariousformsofprimitivesocieties, reachesthefollowingconclusion: “PassagefromthestateofNaturetothestateofCultureismarkedbyman’sabilitytoviewbiologicalrelationsasaseriesofcontrasts; duality, alternation, opposition, andsymmetry, whetherunderdefiniteorvagueforms, constitutenotsomuchphenomenatobeexplainedasfundamentalandimmediatelygivendataofsocialreality.” , onthecontrary; if, followingHegel, wefindinconsciousnessitselfafundamentalhostilitytowardseveryotherconsciousness; thesubjectcanbeposedonlyinbeingopposed — hesetshimselfupastheessential, asopposedtotheother, theinessential, theobject.
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