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综合英语.西方思想经典选读_常俊跃 黄滔(TextBTheOneAgainsttheMany) 第(4/7)页

[16] , , thepreferenceforfactoverlogic, fordeedoverdogma, havefoundtheirmostbrilliantexpressioninthewritingsofWilliamJames16andintheapproachtophilosophicalproblemswhichJamescalled “radicalempiricism”.Againstthebeliefintheall-encompassingpowerofasingleexplanation, againstthecommitmenttotheabsolutismofideology, againstthenotionthatallanswerstopoliticalandsocialproblemscanbefoundinthebackofsomesacredbook17, againstthedeterministicinterpretationofhistory, againstthecloseduniverse, Jamesstoodforwhathecalledtheunfinisheduniverse — auniversemarkedbygrowth, variety, ambiguity, mystery, andcontingency — auniversewherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths, butwherenomortalmanwillevergetanabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth, auniversewheresocialprogressdependsnotoncapitulationtoasingle, all-consumingbodyofdoctrine, butontheuncoercedintercourseofunconstrainedminds.

[17] , bymistakingmodelsforreality, .

[18] , forexample, thatthechoicebetweenprivateandpublicmeans18, thatchoicewhichhasobsessedsomuchrecentpoliticalandeconomicdiscussioninunderdevelopedcountries, , eitherbythoseontheright19whoregardtheuseofpublicmeansaswickedandsinful, , , nottothevocabularyofanalysis.

[19] So, withtheinventionofthemixedsociety, , ; nomatterhowmuchitisexposedbyexperience, , nodoubt, alwayspersists, solongasthereishumanhungerforanall-embracing, all-explanatorysystem, solongindeedaspoliticalphilosophyisshapedbythecompulsiontoreturntothewomb.


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