沃尔特·惠特曼/WalterWhitman
ItisnotonlytruethatmostpeopleentirelymisunderstandFreedom,-andeventotoomanyothers-thethoughtoffreedomisathoughtofescapingfromlaw-which,ofcourse,-freedomfromthepainfulconstipationandpoornarrownessofecclesiasticism-freedominmanners,habiliments,furniture,fromthesillinessandtyrannyoflocalfashions-entirefreedomfrompartyringsandmereconventionsinPolitics-andbetterthanall,ageneralfreedomofoneselffromthetyrannicdominationofvices,habits,appetites,underwhichnearlyeverymanofus,(oftenthegreatestbrawlerforfreedom) isenslaved.
Canweattainsuchenfranchisement-thetrueDemocracy,andtheheightofit?Whilewearefrombirthtodeaththesubjectsofirresistiblelaw,enclosingeverymovementandminute,weyetescape,byaparadox,,weonlyattaintofreedombyaknowledgeof,-unspeakablygreat-istheWill!ThefreeSoulofman!Atitsgreatest,understandingandobeyingthelaws,itcanthen,andthenonly,,,asintimated,considerlibertyareleasefromalllaw,,onthecontrary,thepotentlawofLaws,namely,thefusionandcombinationoftheconsciouswill,orpartialindividuallaw,withthoseuniversal,eternal,unconsciousones,whichrunthroughallTime,pervadehistory,proveimmortality,givemoralpurposetotheentireobjectiveworld,andthelastdignitytohumanlife.
大部分人不仅彻底曲解了“自由”的含义,更可怕的是,我有时觉得还没有见过一个能恰当了解“自由”的人。整个宇宙是一个亘古不变的法则。对于堕落和愚昧无知的人,甚至芸芸众生来说,自由就是避开法律,而这肯定是不能实现的。比世俗的所有财富更珍贵的是自由,自由意味着从教会神学的痛苦禁闭和悲观的狭隘中脱离出来;自由意味着在礼仪、服饰、家具上的随心所欲;自由意味着从地方流行的愚蠢和束缚中脱离出来;自由意味着彻彻底底从党派小圈子和政治运作的旧例中脱离出来;其中最为重要的是,当我们每个人差不多都(我们常常大声叫喊着要自由)受控于罪恶、恶习、欲望时,自由意味着自我从奴役的严酷压迫中彻底脱离出来。
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