[1]Ward’sReports, Inc., Ward’sAutomotiveYearbook1989and2017; DharshiniDavid,“TheRealPriceofBuyingCheapClothes,”BBCNews, August7, 2019, ; USDepartmentofCommerce, 2017CharacteristicsofNewHousing, 345, ;“2015RECSSurveyData,”USEnergyInformationAdministration, May31, 2018, tableHC3.3 (appliancesbyyearofconstruction), .
[2]UnitedNationsWorldTourismOrganization, TourismHighlights2000, 2nded.(August2000), , and“InternationalTourismGrowthContinuestoOutpacetheGlobalEconomy,”pressrelease, January20, 2020; Facebook, Inc., Form10-KfortheyearendedDecember31, 2018, ; UNCTAD, WorldInvestmentReport2019 (NewYork: UN, 2019), 20–21.
[3]WorldBank,“Manufacturing, ValueAdded (% ofGDP),”accessedMarch15, 2020, .
[4]年龄中位数，参见UnitedNationsDivisionofEconomicandSocialAffairs, PopulationDivision, WorldPopulationProspects2019 (NewYork: UN, 2019)。家庭支出占世界总消费额的比例在几十年里持续上升，在20世纪末21世纪初达到峰值60%后，在21世纪第二个10年下滑到57%。根据世界银行的估计，21世纪第二个10年，消费者支出的平均年增长率是2.4%，而此前20年的平均年增长率是2.75%，参见OECD,“AnnualNationalAccountsData,”table5,“FinalConsumptionExpenditureofHouseholds,”, accessedMarch15, 2020, ; EuropeanCentralBankStatisticalDataWarehouse, .A, accessedMarch15, 2020, 。
[5]DavidBarboza,“AniPhone’sJourney, fromtheFactoryFloortotheRetailStore,”NewYorkTimes, December29, 2016, ; KathrinHille,“Foxconn: WhytheWorld’sTechFactoryFacesItsBiggestTest,”FinancialTimes, June10, 2019.
[6]OndrejBurkacky, JohannesDeichmann, GeorgDoll, andChristianKnochenhauer,“RethinkingCarSoftwareandElectronicsArchitecture,”McKinsey & Company, February2018, .
[7]MarcBain,“ANewT-shirtSewingRobotCanMakeasManyShirtsperHouras17FactoryWorkers,”Quartz, August30, 2017, .
[8]CanuteJames,“CaribbeanNationsSavorBoominDataProcessing,”JournalofCommerce, June15, 1987; ProinnsiasBreathnach,“InformationTechnology, GenderSegmentationandtheRelocationofBackOfficeEmployment: TheGrowthoftheTeleservicesSectorinIreland,”InformationCommunicationandSociety3 (2002): 320–335.
[9]JaySolomonandKathrynKranhold,“InIndia’sOutsourcingBoom, GEPlayedaStarringRole,”WallStreetJournal, March23, 2005; RahulSachitanand,“India’s $150BillionOutsourcingIndustryStaresatanUncertainFuture,”EconomicTimes, January15, 2017; ,“AviationSafety: FAAOversightofForeignRepairStations,”testimonybeforetheUSSenateCommitteeonCommerceScienceandTransportationSubcommitteeonAviationOperations, Safety, andSecurity, June20, 2007; PrakashLoungani, SaurabhMishra, ChrisPapageorgiou, andKeWang,“WorldTradeinServices: EvidencefromaNewDataset,”IMFworkingpaperWP/17/77 (2017).
[10]关于机器翻译的发展，参见RichardBaldwin, TheGloboticsUpheaval (NewYork: OxfordUniversityPress, 2019)。
[11]MichaelO’Sullivan, TheLevelling (NewYork: PublicAffairs, 2019), ch.6.
[12]Dun & Bradstreet,“BusinessImpactoftheCoronavirus,”specialbriefing, 2020, p.5, .
[13],“Trump’sAssaultontheGlobalTradingSystem,”ForeignAffairs98 (2019): 136 (quote); JungSuk-yee,“’sInvestmentinChinaAlmostHalvedThisYear,”BusinessKorea, September18, 2017, .
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